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Lesson 1, Topic 1
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Body Mechanics

Your work as a caregiver probably includes regularly helping clients move. Helping a client move is physically demanding and can cause serious injury. Proper body mechanics and techniques will help you protect your back, neck, shoulders, knees, and wrists.

Evaluate the Situation

Before helping a client move, make sure you can perform the move safely. Consider how much weight you need to carry and how far you need to go. Plan to use any assistive devices that are available. Make sure you can perform the move safely and without strain or injury. If possible, get another person to help when necessary. Remember to communicate with the client about what you are doing and understand their preferences.

Provide a Good Base of Support

Before you support any weight, make sure that your body is steady in a strong position. Spread your feet about shoulder width apart and put one foot slightly in front of the other. This position will keep you steady and protect your spine.

Do you think about how you stand when you move heavy objects? Do you lift with your legs or your back?

Prevent Back Injury

Bending at the waist or twisting your body while supporting weight can cause back or spinal injury. Protect yourself by following these guidelines:

  • Hold the weight as close to your body as you can.
  • Keep your back as straight as possible.
  • Keep your back and neck in a straight line.
  • Keep your back, feet, and trunk aligned, and do not twist at the waist.
  • If you need to change direction, shift your feet and take small steps.

Lift with Your Legs

The muscles in your legs and buttocks are stronger than the muscles in your lower back. Bending at the waist and lifting with your back can cause fatigue and injury. Bend your knees to raise and lower the weight, and lift with your legs.

Avoid Lifting

Caregivers are at high risk for back and shoulder injuries. Avoid lifting whenever possible. Consider pulling, pushing, or sliding heavy objects instead of lifting them.

NEVER try to push, pull, or slide a client. It is dangerous and you could severely harm them or yourself. If you are unable to safely assist a client, consider an assistive device or get help.